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BEOL (Back End of Line: interconnect process, the second half of wafer processing)
11. Metal-2
A dielectric film is deposited as an inter metal dielectric, a trench and via pattern is formed by photo resist patterning and etching, and trenches and vias are filled with Cu (copper) metal by electroplating. The method of filling trenches and vias with Cu at the same time is called dual damascene.
Metal-2 Cu filling: A Cu film is deposited in the trenches and the vias by electroplating.
Metal-2 Cu Polishing: Excess Cu is removed by surface polishing to leave Cu only in the trenches and the vias.
In accordance with the circuit scale, wiring is layered by repeating the steps from “11-1. Growth of metal-2 dielectric film” to “11-6. Metal-1 Cu polishing.”
INDEX
11-1. Growth of metal-2 dielectric film
A thick film of silicon oxide or similar material is formed on the silicon wafer surface using the CVD method.
11-2. Formation of metal-2 via hole resist pattern
A resist pattern for via hole is formed.
11-3. Metal-2 via hole etching
Using the via hole pattern as a mask, via holes are formed in the dielectric film using etching treatment. After etching, the resist pattern is removed.
11-4. Formation of metal-2 trench resist pattern
メタル-A resist pattern is formed for metal-2 trenches.
11-5. Metal-2 trench etching
Using the metal-2 trench pattern as a mask, trenches are formed in the dielectric film by performing etching treatment. After etching, the resist pattern is removed.
11-6. Metal-2 Cu burial
A Cu film is formed using electroplating, and the via holes and trenches are filled.
11-7. Metal-2 Cu polishing
Excess Cu film is removed by polishing the surface, and Cu is left only in via holes and trenches.
Process Flow
FEOL (Front End of Line: substrate process, the first half of wafer processing)
|
1. Isolation|
2. Well and channel formation|
3. Gate oxidation and gate formation|
4. LDD formation|
5. Side wall spacers |
6. Source/drain|
7. Silicide |
8. Dielectric film|
9. Contact holes|
BEOL (Back End of Line: interconnect process, the second half of wafer processing)
|
10. Metal-1|
11. Metal-2|